The announced launch of EO3 marks a turning point in the Energy Observer program. Scheduled to enter service in 2027, this 30-meter catamaran is equipped with an innovative energy chain based on ammonia. Designed for ocean cruising, EO3 aims to validate the real-world performance of this solution, as yet little tested on board commercial vessels.
Exploring the operational integration of ammonia
EO3's propulsion is based on a hybrid system combining solar power (180 m² of panels), sail propulsion (four Oceanwings), lithium-ion batteries (248 kWh) and an ammonia-based hydrogen chain. Up to 7.5 tonnes of ammonia is stored on board, and converted by a cracker into hydrogen to power two fuel cells (PEM 70 kW and SOFC 15 kW). EO3 also features a NH? direct combustion engine with NOx aftertreatment.
This configuration will enable us to evaluate, under real-life conditions, the differences in performance, behavior and safety between direct and indirect ammonia conversion modes. The project also includes a regulatory component, in conjunction with classification societies, to document safety and operating protocols.
Technical specifications of a research catamaran
EO3 is 30 meters long, 12 meters wide and has a draft of 2.10 meters. It has a displacement of 125 tonnes and a target speed of 8 knots. The vessel is designed for a crew of six, and can accommodate up to twelve passengers during navigation. This makes it a versatile tool, suitable for scientists, engineers and communicators.
Designed by VPLP design in co-design with Félix Godard, EO3 adopts a modular approach to integrate experimental devices and audiovisual production resources.
A nine-year test program
The "In Search of Carbon Neutrality" expedition (2025-2033) will be divided into seven thematic missions, divided by geographical zone and climatic challenge. EO3 will take over from EO1 from 2027 onwards, with the aim of comparing different technologies with maritime reality.
Each mission will give rise to publications for the general public (documentaries, books, online content), as well as the collection of technical data for industrial and regulatory decision-makers. The crew will include scientists from a variety of disciplines, enabling a systemic analysis of on-board solutions.
NH? safety and acceptability issues
Despite its energy and logistical advantages (density, storage at -33°C), ammonia remains a toxic chemical compound. EO3 therefore aims to test on-board safety devices: leak detection, ammonia slip management, catalytic NOx reduction. The aim is to contribute to future international standards on alternative fuels.
EO3 also serves as a demonstrator for larger industrial projects. EO Concept, a design office affiliated to Energy Observer, is working in parallel on EO2, a 160-meter hydrogen cargo ship already selected by the European Union's Innovation Fund.
A structuring partnership ecosystem
Several companies and institutions support the program: Toyota, Qair, Groupe Delanchy, Chart Industries, Natixis and Crédit Maritime. In addition to their financial contribution, these partners are involved in the testing, content and dissemination of results.
This network, made up of over 50 public and private organizations, is helping to anchor the Energy Observer in a logic of technical and scientific cooperation. It is a real lever for accelerating the testing of pilot-scale solutions.
